|
The Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race is an annual event hosted by the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia, starting in Sydney, New South Wales on Boxing Day and finishing in Hobart, Tasmania. The race distance is approximately .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race )〕 The race is run in co-operation with the Royal Yacht Club of Tasmania, and is widely considered to be one of the most difficult yacht races in the world. The race was initially planned to be a cruise by Peter Luke and some friends who had formed a club for those who enjoyed cruising as opposed to racing, however when a visiting British Royal Navy Officer, Captain John Illingworth, suggested it be made a race, the event was born. The Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race has grown over the decades, since the inaugural race in 1945, to become one of the top three offshore yacht races in the world, and it now attracts maxi yachts from all around the globe. The 2004 race marked the 60th running of the event. In 2012 ''Wild Oats XI'' set a new record by crossing the line in 1 day, 18 hours, 23 minutes and 12 seconds, beating its own record of 1 day, 18 hours, 40 minutes and 10 seconds, set in 2005.〔(www.abc.net.au )〕 ''Wild Oats XI'' is the first boat to claim the treble – race record, line honours and overall winner – twice. The longest surviving skipper from the inaugural race, Peter Luke, who contributed to the formation of the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia and the establishment of the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, died on 23 September 2007 aged 92. His yacht, ''Wayfarer'', still holds the record for the slowest elapsed time. Only two sailors from the original race are still alive – Geoffrey Ruggles from the ''Wayfarer'' crew and John Gordon from the ''Horizon'' crew.〔From conversation with Geoffrey Ruggles, 9/1/2013〕 ==History== Bass Strait, and the waters of the Pacific Ocean immediately to its east, are renowned for their high winds and difficult seas. Although the race mostly takes place in the Tasman Sea, the shallowness of Bass Strait and the proximity to the race course means that the fleet is very much under the influence of the Strait as they transit from the mainland to Flinders Island. Even though the race is held in the Australian summer, "southerly buster" storms often make the Sydney–Hobart race cold, bumpy, and very challenging for the crew. It is typical for a considerable number of yachts to retire, often at Eden on the New South Wales south coast, the last sheltered harbour before Flinders Island. The inaugural race in 1945 had nine starters. ''Rani'', built in Speers Point, New South Wales was the winner, taking six days, 14 hours and 22 minutes. Race records for the fastest (elapsed) time dropped rapidly. However, it took 21 years for the 1975 record by ''Kialoa'' from the USA to be broken by the German yacht ''Morning Glory'' in 1996, and then only by a dramatic 29 minutes, as she tacked up the Derwent River against the clock. In 1999 Denmark's ''Nokia'' sailed the course in one day, 19 hours, 48 minutes and two seconds, a record which stood until 2005 when ''Wild Oats XI'' won line and handicap honours in 1 day 18 hr 40 min 10 sec. There have been some notable achievements by yachts over the years. Sydney yacht, ''Morna'', won the second, third and fourth races (1946–1948) and then, under new owners Frank and John Livingston from Victoria, took a further four titles as Kurrewa IV in 1954, 1956, 1957 and 1960. Other yachts to win three or more titles are Astor (1961, 1963 and 1964)and Bumblebee IV firstly in 1979 and then again in 1988 and 1990 as Ragamuffin. When ''Wild Oats XI'' won back-to-back titles in 2006, it was the first yacht to do so since Astor in the 1960s.〔http://rolexsydneyhobart.com/standings_ext.asp?RaceId=76 Official Race Results – 2006〕 ''Wild Oats XI'' claimed its third consecutive line honours title in the 2007 race, re-writing history by being only the second yacht after Rani in the inaugural 1945 race to win line and handicap honours and break the race record in the same year (2005) and then only the second yacht after Morna to win three line honours titles in a row. In 2008, ''Wild Oats XI'' broke ''Mornas long-standing record of three titles in a row, by completing a four-in-a-row, the first yacht to achieve that remarkable achievement.〔http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gnqCb19BSycJPi20I9ShOXTeWAhA〕 For the handicap race the highly respected Halvorsen brothers' Freya won three titles back-to-back (the only yacht in history to do so) between 1963 and 1965. Although not consecutive, Love & War equalled Freya's three titles by winning its third in 2006 to add to its 1974 and 1978 titles. The 1998 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race was marred by tragedy when, during an exceptionally strong storm (which had similar strength winds to a lower-category hurricane), five boats sank and six people died. Of the 115 boats that started, only 44 made it to Hobart. As a result, the crew eligibility rules were tightened, requiring a higher minimum age and experience. G. Bruce Knecht wrote a book about this race called "The Proving Ground". (ISBN 0-316-49955-2) A coronial enquiry into the race was critical of both the race management at the time and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology.〔(1998 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race – The Tragedy of Deaths at Sea )〕 In 1999 the race record was broken by ''Nokia'', a water-ballasted VO60 yacht. She sailed the course in 1 day, 19 hours, 48 minutes and 2 seconds. ''Brindabella'' reached Hobart just under one hour later (1 day, 20 hours, 46 minutes, 33 seconds) and ''Wild Thing'' was a close third (1 day, 21 hours, 13 minutes, 37 seconds). The previous Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race record had been set by ''Morning Glory'' (2 days, 14 hours, 7 minutes, 10 seconds) in 1996.〔http://goaustralia.about.com/od/eventsandfestivals/a/sydhob1999.htm〕 In 2004 only 59 yachts completed the course of the 116 who set out from Sydney. Storms hit the race. The super maxi ''Skandia'' capsized after losing her keel.〔(2004 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race – Nicorette Wins Line Honors )〕 In 2005, ''Wild Oats XI'' became the first boat since ''Rani'' to win the "treble", taking Line Honours, winning the Corrected Handicap (IRC), and breaking the course record. (1d 18h 40 m 10s, over 1hr off of ''Nokia's'' record.) In 2006, 78 boats started the race, including entrants from the United Kingdom, Canada, the Netherlands, Italy, New Zealand, every Australian state and the Australian Capital Territory. The race started on schedule at 13:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Saving Time.〔http://goaustralia.about.com/od/eventsandfestivals/a/sydhob2006.htm〕 ''Wild Oats XI'', owned by Bob Oatley and skippered by Mark Richards, crossed the finish line at 21:52 on 28 December 2006 to take line honours with an elapsed time of 2 days, 8 hours, 52 minutes and 33 seconds.〔 ''Wild Oats XI'' became the first yacht to win the race in consecutive years since 1964 and only the sixth yacht to achieve this since the race's inception. ''Love & War'', owned by Peter Kurts and skippered by Lindsay May, won the race overall (IRC Handicap) in a corrected time of 3 days, 22 hours 2 minutes and 37 seconds. ''Love & War'' became only the second yacht to win the race three times (1974, 1978 and 2006). The yacht ''Freya'' won the race in three consecutive years between 1963 and 1965. ''Gillawa'' from the Australian Capital Territory, skippered by David Kent, was the sixty-ninth and last boat to complete the 2006 race, making it the third consecutive year that the yacht was last in the fleet.〔 By the November 2007 race entry deadline, 90 yachts had nominated for entry including four 90-foot maxis, three of them wanting to prevent ''Wild Oats XI'' creating history and winning three line honours titles in a row. A little over a week prior to the race, New Zealand maxi Maximus withdrew after cracking its keel. Three-time and 2006 handicap winner, Love & War, was not one of the applications for entry and may have raced her last Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race in 2006. ''Wild Oats XI'' went on to create history by winning its third consecutive line honours title and becoming only the second yacht to do so.〔 Rosebud (USA) won the race on corrected time. John Walker became the oldest skipper in the history of the race at age 85 and Phillip's Foote Witchdoctor bettered its own record and set a mark of 27 races as the most by a yacht.〔 On 3 November 2008 at the close of entries, 113 yachts had nominated for entry with only one other 90-foot maxi (Skandia) to challenge Wild Oats XI and stop it creating history by winning four consecutive line honours titles and becoming the only yacht to do so. Wild Oats XI achieved this and Bob Steel won his second Tattersalls Cup with Quest, the second yacht with the same name to win the handicap title.〔〔http://rolexsydneyhobart.com//news.asp?key=2980〕 The 2009 fleet comprised 99 starters. In the 2008 race, Wild Oats XI had equalled Morna/Kurrewa IV's record of three consecutive line honours victories, which Morna achieved in 1946, 1947 and 1948, and was attempting to pass the record in its own right in 2009. In the event however, Neville Crichton's New Zealand entry Alpha Romeo II passed Wild Oats XI early on and never relinquished her lead, finishing in an elapsed time of 2 days, 9 hours, 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Wild Oats XI came in second and United Kingdom-based ICAP Leopard came in third. Sailors who have achieved outstanding commitment to the race are represented most of all by John Bennetto (dec), Lou Abrahams and Tony Cable who, after the 2007 race, had each sailed 44 races. Skippers Frank and John Livingston won four line honours titles while Claude Plowman, Peter Warner, S.A "Huey" Long, Jim Kilroy and Bob Bell have each won three. Trygve and Magnus Halvorsen have won four handicap honours titles while a number of skippers have won two handicap titles. Rolex has been the naming rights sponsor of the race since 2002, and since then the race has been known as the ''Rolex Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race''. It will continue to have the naming rights until 2015.〔http://www.sail-world.com/news_std.cfm?Nid=72292&rid=1&sc=arc〕 Traditionally, crews of yachts celebrate on New Year's Eve at Constitution Dock in Hobart, with the Custom's House Hotel a favourite venue for Sydney–Hobart yachtsmen. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|